Week1

inflamatory response

Acute

healthy response to appropriate insult (infection, laceratoin, sprain, etc…) happens within seconds of injury

Main Causes:

  • Physical Trauma
  • Chemical Agents
  • Thermal Extremes
  • etc… (more listed on lecture slides)

Phases of Acute Inflamation:

  • injury (lasts several minutes)
    • soft tissue & vascular damage
    • vasoconstriction
    • damaged cells release chemical mediators including cytokines
  • acute (acute phase of acute inflammation begins within a few minutes and lasts up to 3-4 days)
    • vasodilation and blood vessel wall permeability increases
    • WBC (neutrophils & macrophages) are released into the injured region
    • it’s important to protect and localize inflamation
    • Visual symptoms
      • redness & heat (from increased circulation)/swelling (from more plasma)/pain (some from initial injury, increased sensitivity, some from swelling pressure), bruising (from initial injury tearing microvasculature, leading to blood pooling)
  • destruction
  • repair & modeling
    • begins around 48 to 72 hours and typically lasts around 6 weeks
  • maturation

In
Acute
Destruction
Repair
Matures

Chronic

Unhealthy and complicated response

Case example: obese diabetic fractures ankle could lead to chronic inflamation due to poor extremity circulation

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This content is still under construction